Martin Luthers Cartoons of Pope Martin Luthers Funny Cartoons of the Pope
C O N T E N T S:
KEY TOPICS
- Leonardo da Vinci influenced this form of rhetoric by establishing the art form of caricature, and as a result political cartoons were used for propaganda and satire as far back as the Protestant Reformation.(More...)
- Im looking at Martin Luthers political cartoons, and I have no idea what this one means.(More...)
- Reformation, also called Protestant Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century.(More...)
- A Brief History of Political Cartoons -This web page contains more in depth information concerning the use of political cartoons in Reformation Germany.(More...)
- Originating during the Protestant Reformation in Germany, this visual indoctrination gave support to the cause of Martin Luther's religious reforms.(More...)
- Political Cartoons Cartoonists Political Cartoon- It is funny or witty illustration that addresses current events or issues.(More...)
POSSIBLY USEFUL
- Catholic writer (and severe critic of Luther) Hartmann Grisar thinks that Roman Catholics were somehow more "moral" because they did not frequently employ cartoons against Luther.(More...)
- The complete audience of this cartoon is the British people, who should appreciate the soldiers' sacrifices for them, and the British political leaders, who should feel guilty for losing the peace prior to World War II and take responsibility for keeping the peace in Europe following World War II. (More...)
RANKED SELECTED SOURCES
KEY TOPICS
Leonardo da Vinci influenced this form of rhetoric by establishing the art form of caricature, and as a result political cartoons were used for propaganda and satire as far back as the Protestant Reformation. [1] During the Protestant Reformation in Germany in the sixteenth century, visual propaganda was widely used to portray religious and political figures as heroes or villains. [2] The Protestant Reformation began in Germany, and made extensive use of visual propaganda; the success of both Martin Luther's socio-religious reforms and the discipline of political cartooning depended on a level of civilization neither too primitive nor too advanced. [3]
Im looking at Martin Luthers political cartoons, and I have no idea what this one means. [4] In Political Cartoons from The 1988 Presidential Campaign, Janis L. Edwards notes political cartoons are an "idea sustained by observation," they are "visual metaphors." [5] Political cartoons are visuals that comment on political events or issues while hopefully getting you, the reader, to laugh a little. [2] Over the centuries, many political cartoons have become iconic and galvanized people into action by distilling a complex issue into a clear, if caricatured, image. [1] Political cartoons usually involve a caricature (or an image of someone or something that is exaggerating certain characteristics or details), and allusion (an indirect reference to something), which helps create a scene or situation. [2] When analyzing political cartoons, it's important to recognize the methods the cartoonists used to make their point, whether it's through caricatures, exaggerations, labels, symbols, analogies, or irony. [2] The first cartoons of the colonial era tackled debates among colonies, cartoons soon took on the Civil War and with World War II the government used political cartoons as propaganda. [5] Caricature of Napoleon I. (British political cartoon); The first appearance of Napoleon in British caricatures. [6] Caricature of Napoleon I. (British political cartoon); Napoleon is a spider, labelled Unbounded Ambition, swallowing flies caught in his web, the countries of Europe. [6]
Political cartoons are for the most part composed of two elements: caricature, which parodies the individual, and allusion, which creates the situation or context into which the individual is placed. [3] Benjamin Franklin's Join or Die, which shows a snake whose severed parts represent the colonies, is recognized as the first American political cartoon. [2] Political cartoons quickly solidified a place in American culture and politics and are now an accepted form of mainstream media. [5] Nast's work is another example of the impact of political cartoons on American society. [5] Nast's cartoon entitled Who Stole the People's Money? is one of the most reproduced and mimicked American political cartoons. [2] Below are 16 old anti-catholic political cartoons as a reminder of how people viewed the Church in the U.S. not that long ago. [7] By comparison, Minor's political cartoon is a harsh satire that demonstrates his frustration with U.S. involvement in World War I, implying that no rational soldier would fight in the mindless war. [1] He became politically engaged during Hitler's rise and found a job at the Daily Mirror after the outbreak of World War II, producing daily political cartoons that often targeted the Nazis. [1] The context of religious reform was something widely known and familiar thus these early political cartoons were an effective means to make the public aware (Backer). [5] The earliest would be political cartoons were not meant for public viewing (Backer). [5] In the spirit of evolution and metamorphosis, Jenn Shreve begins to explore the effect of computer programs and their manipulation of images and how, in a sense, it's becoming a political statement where the digital age meets political cartoons. [5] Images doctored on a computer now have a place alongside political cartoons. [5] Political cartoons will exaggerate individuals' features and bring out that individuals "inner self' creating satire. [5] Political cartoons communicate complex ideas concisely and often humorously. [1] Political cartoons have a rich history that is as interesting as the cartoons are visually entertaining. [2] To comprehend the origin of the political cartoon, the term must be accurately defined, i.e. what is a political cartoon? According to Dan Backer's A Brief History of Cartoons website explains how a political cartoon is the melding of two elements. [5] Issues addressed in political cartoons today are not the same as those in the eighteenth or nineteenth centuries. [5] Irony is often used in political cartoons as well, and is the difference between the way things are expected to be and they way they actually are. [2] Robert Minor developed artistic and writing skills doing odd jobs for his hometown San Antonio Gazette, gaining interest in political cartoons. [1] Minor gave impassioned speeches, wrote articles for various publications, and drew a poignant political cartoon slamming those who framed Mooney. [1] Political cartoon with the Pope as the chief of the Italian Bandits. [6] Political cartoons are unique and are more distinct as a form of media. [5] In " Photoshop: It's All the Rage," Shreve writes " Photoshopping, as its practitioners call it, is a booming online pastime for hobbyists and graphic designers whose altered documents have taken up residence in the popular imagination alongside political cartoons and satirical text." [5] You've probably heard stories and/or learned about controversies surrounding different political cartoons in the past, and the truth is, political cartoons have been an important part of socio-political processes for longer than you might think. [2]
Reformation, also called Protestant Reformation, the religious revolution that took place in the Western church in the 16th century. [8] Public viewing and " public consciousness " began to appear with the Protestant Reformation in Germany [5]
A Brief History of Political Cartoons -This web page contains more in depth information concerning the use of political cartoons in Reformation Germany. [9] They are also a way of showcasing fear, while simultaneously masking darkness, as displayed in the many memes making fun of Donald Trump. 40 years from now, school teachers no longer will use political cartoons as an exhibit about political history. [10]
After legal battles resulting in censorship and imprisonment, Honoré Daumier 's lithographic cartoons shifted from political to social satire, while Grandville moved from caricature to book illustration after King Louis-Philippe's 1835 ban on political cartoons. [11] What purpose does a political cartoon serve? Does a political cartoon serve an adequate role to produce social and political change? Justify your answer by analyzing a current political cartoon. [9] Political cartoons in the United States came in and out of prominence through the early nineteenth century. [9] The site discusses the role that political cartoons played in the formation of the United States and their evolution in the United States through the works of Thomas Nast, Joseph Keppler, and Carl Schurz. [9]
Political Cartoons have since developed as a respected form of editorial artwork, filling entire sections of famous newspapers in their heyday, highlighting the many serious defects in government institutions. [10] Images, like the one depicted in the broadsheet, were helpful communication aids which could be likened to today's political cartoons. [12] There's a couple of Luther's political cartoons, a couple Bible passages, a diarty entry from an Inquisitor, and a portion of the Latin Mass. Each has different activities (most short answer questions) to go along with a visual. [13]
Originating during the Protestant Reformation in Germany, this visual indoctrination gave support to the cause of Martin Luther's religious reforms. [9] What does that part of the illustration suggest about the power of Luther's pen? That it had a mighty impact, exerting a force strong-enough to start a societal revolution known today as the Protestant Reformation. [12]
Editorial cartoons first made an emergence during the Protestant Reformation in Germany in the early 1500s. [14] The first, derived from the theological heritage of the Protestant Reformation and the religious wars of the sixteenth century, consisted of the Biblical Anti-Christ and the Whore of Babylon variety and dominated anti-Catholic thought until the late seventeenth century. [15]
According to legend, and perhaps even in fact, he nailed his 95 Theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg on October 31--Halloween or the Eve of All Saints Day--and thereby launched the Protestant Reformation. [16]
Political Cartoons Cartoonists Political Cartoon- It is funny or witty illustration that addresses current events or issues. [17] What Cartoons are About? Political cartoons can be about almost any issue that exists in a county or directly effect a certain group of people. [17] That includes, but is not limited to: Religion Republican Democrats Media Enviroment Famous People President Former President Historical Figure A political Cartoon is meant to bring attention to a certain issue that is important to the artist. [17]
Because cartoon images condense meaning through metaphor, allusion, and metonymy, they create new worlds of understanding--a President becomes a tiger (or pussycat), a political campaign is described as a sinking ship, a televangelist sell snake old. … It is the dramatistic creation of such understandings that forms the rhetorical core of many visual images, including political cartoons. [14] How successful were they in this dual aim? It is reasonable to suppose that negative images that ridiculed or vilified the authorities would, like present-day political cartoons, have a far greater effect than more constructive images. [18] Historically Political cartoons were created to be used as propaganda and in newspapers to convey popular ideals. (Ex. [17] Some of the most utilized Political Cartoons came from Nazi Germany. [17] Political cartoons have been viewed as a narrative form and a Pulitzer Prize for editorial cartooning was established in 1922. [14] He makes political cartoons to specifically for the use of the Tribune in the opinions section. [17] An editorial cartoon, also known as a political cartoon, is an illustration or "comic strip" containing a political or social message. [14]
POSSIBLY USEFUL
Catholic writer (and severe critic of Luther) Hartmann Grisar thinks that Roman Catholics were somehow more "moral" because they did not frequently employ cartoons against Luther. [4] Luthers final use of "Cartoons" though, really pushes the limit. [4] One of the best overviews I have read on these "cartoons" was by Mark Edwards in his book, Luthers Last Battles. [4] The most famous cartoon against Luther is that of Cochlaeus, who saw Luther as " an agent of the devil, a perversion, and a monster." [4] That picture is not one of those Luther commissioned by the painter Lucas Cranach to draw cartoons to accompany Against The Papacy At Rome. [4] Towards the end of his life, Luther commissioned the painter Lucas Cranach to draw cartoons to accompany one of his writings. [4]
The cartoons are shocking, and drew criticism (as well as praise) from other Protestant leaders. [4] These cartoons exist in cyber-space, mostly the result of Roman Catholic apologists. [4]
Kudos though to the Protestants for getting into the "pamphleteering" much earlier than Roman Catholics, and doing it widely and effectively. [4] "Would Mr. Swan, as the Luther partisan with the natural Protestant bias, actually attempt to defend this art? He doesnt actually take a stand on that issue [4] Luther and the Protestants did similarly to the Papacy, and probably more effectively. [4] I am a Protestant, so I consider at least what Luther put out (usually) an accurate accounting of the facts, even when he did present his views in highly charged "in your face" type of writings, his extreme presentation usually is backed by an accurate accounting of the facts. [4]
Steven Ozments book, Protestants: The Birth of a Revolution has a great overview of propoganda and pamphleteers during the 16th Century There was a literal "pamphlet explosion" during the 16th Century. [4]
The complete audience of this cartoon is the British people, who should appreciate the soldiers' sacrifices for them, and the British political leaders, who should feel guilty for losing the peace prior to World War II and take responsibility for keeping the peace in Europe following World War II. [1] Zec's cartoon, published on VE Day in 1945, sends a message to British politicians and voters by celebrating the military's ability to clean up messes created by political failures. [1] Much of the legend surrounding Thomas Nast's 1871 Harper's Weekly cartoons on the corrupt "Boss" Tweed does not hold up to rigorous scrutiny, but as Roger A. Fischer writes in a recent collection of essays, The Story of William "Marcy" Tweed and his bete noir Tom Nast is known to most students of American history, and familiar to every aficionado of the history of American political cartooning. [3] Franklin used this cartoon to garner support for a political plan. [2] The longevity of cartoon as a medium for political expression then begs the question of evolution. [5] This political arrangement made sense because Zec held socialist views, which aligned more closely with the Labour Party than with the Conservative Party, and his cartoon implicitly criticized Chamberlain's prewar foreign policy. [1] With the changes and evolution of media has political cartooning undergone a metamorphosis? Cartoons have changed in both content and delivery. [5]
The success of cartoons of the eighteenth century helped to sustain cartooning as a medium. [5]
American history could be essentially documented by great cartoonists: cartoons became effective because all audiences could become influenced. [5] Shortly after the cartoon was published, the government charged The Masses with violating the Espionage Act of 1917 by undermining the war effort, and Minor and several other writers and cartoonists were put on trial. [1] The government understood this cartoon to be part of a larger trend in Minor's work and deemed his rhetoric harmful to the country and to the war effort. [1] Philip Zec's "Don't lose it again!" and Robert Minor's "At last a perfect soldier!" are two such cartoons, produced during the second world war and the first world war, respectively, that distill complex messages about war and government to images that are essentially opposites. [1] Minor's cartoon was received poorly by the government because he directed its anti-war message mainly at a like-minded audience; the government did not interpret the cartoon through the intended ideology and did not deem Minor a civically credible rhetor. [1] Minor had lost much of his mainstream audience after leaving the New York World, but this cartoon was controversial and iconic enough to reach that audience once more. [1] This cartoon assumes that the audience is somewhat familiar with this line of reasoning and expresses the latter emotion, the frustration, without demonstrating the respect Minor has for the soldiers. [1] Minor possessed a similar passion with respect to World War I, expressing his strong opposition through harshly anti-war cartoons. [1] Robert Minor cartoon pleading for readers to protest the fate of Tom Mooney; here, the men who framed him are looking on coldly while he waits with a noose around his neck. [1] When the New York World's editor asked him to change his tone, Minor refused outright and began drawing cartoons for the radical magazine The Masses instead. [1]
The tradition of visual satire continued into the Civil War where Thomas Nast is most notable known for his cartoons in Harper's Weekly. [5] The effect of cartoons after the Civil War can be found in an anecdote whose components have elevated it to the stature of myth. [3]
Because there was such a high illiteracy rate, these cartoons became very popular, and simple broadsheet posters or illustrated pamphlets in town or city centers proved to be an effective way to reach many people. [2] As cartoons became mainstream, they found their place in pamphlets, brochures, newspapers and weekly digests. [5] As Western culture diversified from its original religious foundation, new subjects became available for discussion and subsequent ridicule; as such the appeal and influence of cartoons on public life grew in proportion. [3] The cartoon became a substantial medium of commentary which took serious issues and presented them in a manner which was not only funny, and therefore more socially acceptable, but also designed to affect the viewer's opinion. [3]
Ben Franklin's 'Join or Die' cartoon uses a snake with severed parts to symbolize the bigger idea of uniting the colonies. [2] Being able to analyze a cartoon helps us fully appreciate these powerful images that can make us laugh while also making us think about bigger ideas. [2] These cartoons " marked a significant moment in which the ideas of an intellectual elite could be successfully relayed to the masses [5]
Looking at these two cartoons out of context, Minor's is the more engaging, using caricature and satire to full effect. [1] Cartoon caricature of Swinging Vicar on bell rope with text graphic ding dong. [6] While caricature originated around the Mediterranean, cartoons of a more editorial nature developed in a chillier climate. [3]
Cartoonist Bill Mauldin responded to this with his cartoon I Won the Nobel Prize for Literature. [2] When analyzing a cartoon, think about what the cartoonist intends each symbol to stand for. [2] Looking for irony in cartoons often shows what the cartoonist is trying to express without directly saying it. [2]
The mainstream audience would not understand this, and the government, recognizing that, saw the cartoon as harmful to morale. [1] Like exchanges in presidential debates, they incorporate elements that can be appreciated by both intellectuals and popular audiences; however, cartoons have the capacity to be simultaneously clearer and deeper than debate moments. [1] The more important distinction is that Zec's cartoon made meaningful appeals to and elicited favorable responses from both of its audiences, but Minor's had limited appeal and served mainly to criticize and protest rather than to meaningfully connect with multiple audiences. [1] British Parliament interpreted the cartoon as a treasonous attack on (profiteering) petrol companies, despite Zec's claim that it was simply a reminder to the British people to conserve resources during wartime. [1] In the case of Philip Zec's controversial petrol cartoon, British Parliament ultimately decided that Zec was fundamentally good (Zec was on Hitler's "black list" for mocking the Nazis) and let him off on a warning, having concluded that the petrol cartoon was merely an aberration. [1]
The Labour Party responded to the cartoon much as Zec wanted, officially apologizing for their past questioning of his motives and asking permission to use the cartoon in the 1945 general election campaign. [1] Both he and The Masses came under fire from the U.S. Government (figuratively), he for his cartoon and the journal for several contributors' antiwar articles and cartoons. [1] Even though the king had recently abolished censorship, he was so offended by Daumier's cartoon, that both Daumier and his publisher were indicted and sentenced to six months in prison for 'arousing hatred and contempt of the King's government. [2]
Cartoons such as "Let Us Prey" are typical of his work because they are "devastating in effect", i.e. they overwhelmingly achieve the goal of ridiculing their subject, but as a measure of sophistication they are more akin to base insults than the kind of deft criticisms found in more subtle satire. [3] Cartoons were more than just comedy and humor; they took on an air of satire and seriousness. [5]
That is confirmed by an analysis of the phrases used in the cartoon; the soldier's simple words speak volumes by relying on certain commonplaces and shared understandings. [1] Puck's cartoons were influence by German and Italian models. [5] Unlike Nast's coarse etchings, Keppler's cartoons reflected "a grace of artistic approach" derived from his exposure to popular Austro-German styles of the day. [3]
Having far-reaching political, economic, and social effects, the Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity. [8] In spite of its political implications, the reorganization of the church permitted the beginning of religious change in England, which included the preparation of a liturgy in English, the Book of Common Prayer. [8] One development is clear: the political authorities increasingly sought to curtail the public role of the church and thereby triggered tension. [8] Over the centuries the church, particularly in the office of the papacy, had become deeply involved in the political life of western Europe. [8] The resulting intrigues and political manipulations, combined with the church's increasing power and wealth, contributed to the bankrupting of the church as a spiritual force. [8] The image had an explicitly political purpose from the start, as Franklin used it in support of his plan for an intercolonial association to deal with the Iroquois at the Albany Congress of 1754. [3] The image was purely political and was understood among all classes. [5]
Even though the Albany Congress was a failure, Franklin's snake had established a connection between a drawing and a specific political idea in the American imagination. [3] American political ideology has been played out over the decades in conventional forms consisting of essays and written publications. [5] This confrontation is credited by consensus with establishing once and forever a fledgling craft. as an enduring presence in American political culture. [3] Just as important to that ideology is American political opinion construed through drawings. [5]
Shreve cites a growing number of website dedicated to " visual puns, satirical commentary and political expression " (Shreve). [5] Minor had become a passionate socialist, but Joseph Pulitzer, who owned the Post-Dispatch, did not mind his strong political statements. [1] Shortly after his arrival Keppler "fell in with a distinguished crowd of journalists, writers, and artists"-- including a young reporter named Joseph Pulitzer-- from the German quarter who would engage in discussions about political events or literary and philosophical matters. [3] In England the Reformation's roots were both political and religious. [8] "Passional Christi und Antichristi" also demonstrates the artist's use of the second element of political cartoons-- the context of a widely-recognized story or setting-- to get his point across. [3] The most important responsibility this creates is defined in the second phrase, "Don't lose it again!" This is directed at the British political leaders who have the power to preserve peace in Europe. [1]
Suddenly there was a connection between an idea and a drawing; hence the start of American political cartooning. [5] As political cartooning became effective, " graphic satire " was utilized in the western culture (Backer). [5]
Political cartoonists created images that were designed to affect viewers' opinions while making them laugh about serious issues. [2] Political cartoonists like Nast analyzed serious and complex issues and made them humorous. [5]
Another political cartoonist who impacted society was American artist Thomas Nast. [2] Political cartoonists also often label objects or people to make what they stand for very clear. [2]
The Reformation movement within Germany diversified almost immediately, and other reform impulses arose independently of Luther. [8] From a satiric Reformation hand-bill, Germany. 16th century. [6] The Reformation spread to other European countries over the course of the 16th century. [8]
Reformation era caricature, depicting the struggle between Martin Luther, Calvin and the Pope, with each pulling the hair of the others. [6] Britannica Classic: The Reformation: Age of Revolt This 1973 video, produced by Encyclopædia Britannica Educational Corporation, discusses the Reformation and its leader Martin Luther, whose grievances against the Roman Catholic Church produced a chain of events that left a profound impact on religion and politics. [8]
The Ku Klux Klan was apparently the brave defender of Protestant America against Catholicism in the early 20th century. [7] Another important form of Protestantism (as those protesting against their suppressions were designated by the Diet of Speyer in 1529) is Calvinism, named for John Calvin, a French lawyer who fled France after his conversion to the Protestant cause. [8]
Protestant leaders in Saxony (a German state) sense that with the 100th anniversary approaching, they could celebrate the moment when Luther first publicly challenged, among other things, the authority of the Pope. [12] Not intending to be a revolutionary, but merely using this opportunity to publicly state his adverse opinions, Luther actually unleashes what is known as " The Protestant Reformation." [12]
Facing such controversial issues as the desegregation of the armed forces, dropping of the atomic bomb, the cold war, the fair deal, the Republican takeover of Congress, and the 1948 presidential campaign, political and editorial cartoons were commonplace. [9] Political and editorial cartoons have long been a part of the propaganda that influences the masses. [9]
Tracing its origins to Benjamin Franklin and his cartoons asking for unity during the American Revolution were the first of their kind in the new country. [9] Then briefly explain in one to two paragraphs the purpose of the cartoon, what ideas you are trying to convey, describe what symbols you used to convey these ideas, and tell how the text (if any) supports the cartoon. [9] Because of the high illiteracy rate among the public at the time, these cartoons became known for their straightforward simple pictorial nature. [9] President Truman, no matter how scathing, always professed a fondness for the cartoons and became an avid collector of them in his post-presidential years. [9]
He reached maturity in the years of the Napoleonic Wars, which inspired several cartoons featuring the French Emperor's exploits as "Boney." [11] Locate a cartoon, poem, or pamphlet that takes a different point of view of the events of the 1948 election. [9]
At the end of the 18th century and the first two decades of the 19th century, James Gillray (1756/7-1815), Thomas Rowlandson (1756-1827), and George Cruikshank (1792-1878) established a tradition of visceral political and social visual satire in Britain that continues to this day. [11] Rowlandson was more interested in social rather than political satire, and his images of quack doctors are humorously memorable. [11]
After studying briefly at the Royal Academy of Arts under the engraver Francesco Bartolozzi, James Gillray made a living as a commercial engraver before publishing his first political satire in November 1778. [11]
Luther, like many others, was afraid to apply his religious principles to the political world; when the German peasants rebelled against their baron masters, he insisted the rebels submit to their oppressors. [19] Both these productions display certain political fears held by Americans. [10] Progressive A United States liberal political party favoring, advocating, or striving for improvement, specifically for the reform of political and social methods and practices. [9] Pressing for social and political change, the artist Thomas Nast began creating charicatures of the Tweed Ring at Tammany Hall in New York. [9]
Humans have long used artwork to show dissatisfaction, especially in the political realm. [10] The reign of King George III (1760-1820) saw the revival of rival political parties - Whig and Tory - after a 45-year hiatus, and revolutions in France and America demonstrated the vulnerabilities of European monarchies. [11]
American political cartooning assumed this direct appeal to the masses as well. [9] Mr. Marland's story is not rare; as newspapers are forced to make tough financial decisions, staff political cartoonists are usually the first to go - simply because they no longer are the hot commodity for younger generations. [10]
Reformation Dossiers - A group lesson where students evaluate dossiers of six Renaissance figures (Luther, Tyndale, Hus, Henry VIII, Pope Leo X, and Torquemada) to determine which should be arrested. [13] Reformation Culture Shock - After opening with this short reading about Jan Hus students watch a short movie clip in a foreign language (I show Madagascar in French) then take a quiz on it to simulate the use of Latin in the Catholic Church. [13] I use the chorus of this song in a few places throughout the year including the title slide of my Reformation notes. [13]
Broadsheet, produced in 1617, depicting the early Reformation of the Christian Church as a dream of Friedrich III, also called "Frederick the Wise," the Elector of Saxony. [12] It is one reason why his "95 Theses" didn't remain just a list of problematic issues, expressed by a local monk, but rather led to a Reformation of thinking about what it means to worship God. [12] Reformation Quest for Knowledge - Series of questions based on the text in the Holt book modeled after the questions asked on the CST. [13] Luther's Reformation of the Catholic Church is essential to the salvation of individuals. [12] Explores the 3 major problems in the Catholic church prior to the Reformation (money, corruption, and discrimination). [13]
Tolerance between Catholics and Protestants was the only real resolution to the theological conflict. [12] As sociologist Max Weber noted in his revolutionary work, "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism," Luther's assertion that the individual, his faith and personal decisions are at the center of social reality led millions of followers to the realization that they must also take their economic fate into their own hands. [19]
RANKED SELECTED SOURCES(19 source documents arranged by frequency of occurrence in the above report)
1. (30) A Political Cartoon is like an Onion | RC ELLis
2. (30) The Evolution of Political Cartoons Through a Changing Media Landscape
3. (20) What are Political Cartoons? - History & Analysis - Video & Lesson Transcript | Study.com
4. (15) Presidential Campaign of 1948
5. (14) Part I: A Brief History of Political Cartoons
6. (14) Weird Reformation Political Cartoon | Christian Forums
7. (11) Reformation | History, Summary, & Reformers | Britannica.com
8. (8) Protestant Reformation and the Thirty Years War
9. (6) British Visual Satire, 18th-20th Centuries | Oxford Art
10. (6) Reformation - MrRoughton.com
11. (6) Political Cartoon Lesson by Charlotte Furr on Prezi
12. (6) Caricature Of Pope Stock Photos & Caricature Of Pope Stock Images - Alamy
13. (5) The Rival at George Washington University - The Political Meme Revolution
14. (4) Cartoon - New World Encyclopedia
15. (2) The 500th anniversary of the Protestant Reformation: When faith was privatized - Opinion - Israel News | Haaretz.com
16. (2) 16 Old-Time Anti-Catholic Political Cartoons to Put Things in Perspective | ChurchPOP
17. (1) Anti-Catholicism in the United States - Wikipedia
18. (1) Martin Luther's Reformation
19. (1) Printing, Propaganda, and Public Opinion in the Age of Martin Luther - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Religion
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Source: http://world-history-education-resources.com/protestant-reformation/reformation-cartoon-political-protestant.html
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